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Home: Oncology Leader Commentary: George W. Sledge, MD

Click on the topic below for comments by Dr George W. Sledge to comment on. You will also find links to related articles and clinical trials.

Tyrosine kinase inhitors, antiangiogenic agents
Tyrosine kinase inhitors
Herceptin versus the new tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Combining Herceptin and a tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Combining Herceptin and an Aromotase Inhibitor
Current trends in systemic therapy
Management of metastatic breast cancer
Use of Herceptin in metastatic disease
Assessing HER2 status
Herceptin as a first-line single agent
Endocrine therapy versus cytotoxic therapy of metastatic disease
Tamoxifen rechallenge in patients with prior adjuvant tamoxifen
Chosing an aromatase inhibitor
Aromatase inhibitors as first-line therapy of metastatic disease
Overview of the science of breast cancer medicine.

Management of metastatic breast cancer

Interview with Neil Love, MD from Breast Cancer Update for Medical Oncologists, Program 5 2000

Play Audio Below:

Certainly in the United States, in the year 2000, most estrogen receptor positive woman got five years of tamoxifen. So, for the majority of those woman, if the woman is postmenopausal, I’m going to give her an aromatase inhibitor, if the woman is premenopausal I’m going to give her something like Zoladex or Lupron. For the woman who either has a visceral crisis or who is steroid receptor negative, I’m going to start the patient with some form of chemotherapy, and again that chemotherapy will be highly dependent upon what the patient got in an adjuvant setting. If the patient received, as many of my patients have, an anthracycline in the adjuvant setting and has relapsed relatively recently after the chemotherapy, I’m likely to initiate the patient with a single agent taxane, off of the protocol. The major change that has occurred in the last two or three years, I think, it has come about as a result of Herceptin. I think we have compelling evidence now that if a patient is HER2-positive, that patient probably should be receiving Herceptin as part of the initial therapy for the patient’s metastatic breast cancer.

Relevant Links:

Anastrozole is superior to tamoxifen as first-line therapy for advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women: Results of a North American multicenter randomized trial.
Nabholtz, J. M.; Buzdar, A.; Pollak, M.; Harwin, W.; Burton, G.; Mangalik, A.; Steinberg, M.; Webster, A., and von Euler, M. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(22):3758-3767, 2000 Nov 15.

Anti-HER2 antibody enhances the growth inhibitory effect of anti-oestrogen on breast cancer cells expressing both oestrogen receptors and HER2.
Kunisue, H.; Kurebayashi, J.; Otsuki, T.; Tang, C. K.; Kurosumi, M.; Yamamoto, S.; Tanaka, K.; Doihara, H.; Shimizu, N., and Sonoo, H. (Reprint available from: Kurebayashi J Kawasaki Med Sch, Dept Breast & Thyroid Surg 577 Matsushima Kurashiki Okayama 7010192 Japan). British Journal of Cancer. 82(1):46-51, 2000 Jan.

Biological rationale for HER2/neu (c-erbB2) as a target for monoclonal antibody therapy [Review].
Pegram, M. and Slamon, D Seminars in Oncology. 27(5 Suppl 9):13-19, 2000 Oct.
In process

The use of HER2 testing in the management of breast cancer [Review].
Ravdin, P. Seminars in Oncology. 27(5 Suppl 9):33-42, 2000 Oct. In process

Low-dose oral fluorouracil with eniluracil as first-line chemotherapy against advanced breast cancer: A phase II study.
Smith, I. E.; Johnston, S. R. D.; O'Brien, M. E. R.; Hickish, T. F.; de Boer, R. H.; Norton, A.; Cirkel, D. T., and Barton, C. M.. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(12):2378-2384, 2000 Jun.

Comparison of chemotherapy with chemohormonal therapy as first-line therapy-for metastatic, hormone-sensitive breast cancer: An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study.
Sledge, G. W.; Hu, P.; Falkson, G.; Tormey, D., and Abeloff, M.. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(2):262-266, 2000 Jan.

Assessment of the need for palliative care as perceived by individual cancer patients and their families - A review of instruments for improving patient participation in palliative care [Review].
Osse, B. H. P.; Vernooij-Dassen MJFJ; de Vree, B. P. W.; Schade, E., and Grol RPTM. Cancer. 88(4):900-911, 2000 Feb 15.

Anastrozole is superior to tamoxifen as first-line therapy for advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women: Results of a North American multicenter randomized trial.
Nabholtz, J. M.; Buzdar, A.; Pollak, M.; Harwin, W.; Burton, G.; Mangalik, A.; Steinberg, M.; Webster, A., and von Euler, M. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(22):3758-3767, 2000 Nov 15.

Single agent epirubicin as first line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer patients.
Michelotti, A.; Venturini, M.; Tibaldi, C.; Bengala, C.; Gallo, L.; Carnino, F.; Del Mastro, L.; Lionetto, R.; Montanaro, E.; Rosso, R., and Conte, P. (Reprint available from: Conte P Osped S Chiara, Dipartimento Oncol, UO Oncol Med Via Roma 67 I-56100 Pisa Italy). Breast Cancer Research & Treatment. 59(2):133-139, 2000 Jan.

Pamidronate prevents skeletal complications and is effective palliative treatment in women with breast carcinoma and osteolytic bone metastases - Long term follow-up of two randomized, placebo controlled trials.
Lipton, A.; Theriault, R. L.; Hortobagyi, G. N.; Simeone, J.; Knight, R. D.; Mellars, K.; Reitsma, D. J.; Heffernan, M., and Seaman, J. J.. Cancer. 88(5):1082-1090, 2000 Mar 1.

Prognostic significance of an increased number of micrometastatic tumor cells in the bone marrow of patients with first recurrence of breast carcinoma.
Janni, W.; Gastroph, S.; Hepp, F.; Kentenich, C.; Rjosk, D.; Schindlbeck, C.; Dimpfl, T.; Sommer, H., and Braun, S.. Cancer. 88(10):2252-2259, 2000 May 15.

Pamidronate in prevention of bone complications in metastatic breast cancer: A cost-effectiveness analysis.
Hillner, B. E.; Weeks, J. C.; Desch, C. E., and Smith, T. J.. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(1):72-79, 2000 Jan.

Phase III trial of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, fluorouracil (CEF) versus cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, fluorouracil (CNF) in women with metastatic breast cancer.
Esteban, E.; Lacave, A. J.; Fernandez, J. L.; Corral, N.; Buesa, J. M.; Estrada, E.; Palacio, I.; Vieitez, J. M.; Muniz, I., and Alvarez, E. Breast Cancer Research & Treatment. 58(2):141-150, 1999 Nov.

A phase II trial of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and vinorelbine in the treatment of advanced breast cancer Esteban, E.; de Sande, G.; Puertas, J.; Fra, J.; Palacio, I.;
Vieitez, J. M.; Fernandez, J. L.; Muniz, I.; Modollel, A.; Carrasco, J.; Sala, M., and Lacave, A. J.. Breast Cancer Research & Treatment. 62(2):127-133, 2000 Jul.

Predictors of skeletal complications in patients with metastatic breast carcinoma.
Domchek, S. M.; Younger, J.; Finkelstein, D. M., and Seiden, M. V. Cancer. 89(2):363-368, 2000 Jul 15.

Vinorelbine plus mitomycin C as second-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer: A two-stage phase 2 study
De Placido, S.; Lauria, R.; Perrone, F.; Lombardi, A. V.; Carlomagno, C.; Varriale, E.; Costanzo, R.; Leo, L.; De Laurentiis, M., and Bianco, A. R. (Reprint available from: De Placido S Univ Naples Federico II, Cattedra Oncol Med Via S Pansini 5 I-80131 Naples Italy).. Oncology. 58(1):8-14, 2000.

Paclitaxel/gemcitabine administered every two weeks in advanced breast cancer: Preliminary results of a phase II trial [Review].
Colomer, R.; Llombart, A.; Lluch, A.; Ojeda, B.; Barnadas, A.; Caranana, V.; Fernandez, Y.; De Paz, L.; Guillem, V., and Alonso, S. Seminars in Oncology. 27(1 Suppl 2):20-24, 2000 Feb.

Vinorelbine combined with paclitaxel infused over 96 hours (VI-TA-96) for patients with metastatic breast carcinoma.
Cocconi, G.; Mambrini, A.; Quarta, M.; Vasini, G.; Bella, M. A.; Ferrozzi, F., and Beretta, M. D.. Cancer. 88(12):2731-2738, 2000 Jun 15.

Quality-of-life scores predict outcome in metastatic but not early breast cancer.
Coates, A. S.; Hurny, C.; Peterson, H. F.; Bernhard, J.; Castiglione-Gertsch, M.; Gelber, R. D., and Goldhirsch, A. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(22):3768-3774, 2000 Nov 15.

Docetaxel administered on a weekly basis for metastatic breast cancer.
Burstein, H. J.; Manola, J.; Younger, J.; Parker, L. M.; Bunnell, C. A.; Scheib, R.; Matulonis, U. A.; Garber, J. E.; Clarke, K. D.; Shulman, L. N., and Winer, E. P.. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(6):1212-1219, 2000 Mar.

Epirubicin-based chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer patients: Role of dose-intensity and duration of treatment.
Bastit, P.; Chevallier, B.; Chevreau, C.; Mihura, J.; Roche, H.; Namer, M.; Gedouin, D.; Kerbrat, P.; Lesimple, T.; Coudert, B.; Fargeot, P.; de Gislain, C.; Mayer, F.; Luporsi, E.; Rios, M.; Weber, B.; Bremond, A.; Devaux, Y.; Monteuquet, P.; Schraub, S.; Hayat, M.; Zambon, E.; Grandgirard, A.; Monnier, A.; Sun, X. and others. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(17):3115-3124, 2000 Sep.

Outcome of patients with metastatic breast carcinoma treated at a private medical oncology clinic.
Anderson, W. F.; Reeves, J. E.; Elias, A., and Berkel, H. J.. Cancer. 88(1):95-107, 2000 Jan 1.

Factors predicting for efficacy and safety of docetaxel in a compassionate-use cohort of 825 heavily pretreated advanced breast cancer patients.
Alexandre, J.; Bleuzen, P.; Bonneterre, J.; Sutherland, W.; Misset, J. L.; Guastalla, J. P.; Viens, P.; Faivre, S.; Chahine, A.; Spielman, M.; Bensmaine, A.; Marty, M.; Mahjoubi, M., and Cvitkovic, E. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(3):562-573, 2000 Feb.

The gemcitabine/epirubicin/paclitaxel combination in advanced breast cancer [Review].
Gennari, A.; Donati, S.; Danesi, R.; Fogli, S.; Orlandini, C.; Del Tacca, M., and Conte, P. F. Seminars in Oncology. 27(1 Suppl 2):14-19, 2000 Feb.

Correlation of toxicity with pharmacokinetics of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil) in metastatic breast carcinoma.
Lyass, O.; Uziely, B.; Ben-Yosef, R.; Tzemach, D.; Heshing, N. I.; Lotem, M.; Brufman, G., and Gabizon, A. Cancer. 89(5):1037-1047, 2000 Sep 1.

Metastatic breast cancer: clinical course, prognosis and therapy related to the first site of metastasis.
Solomayer, E. F.; Diel, I. J.; Meyberg, G. C.; Gollan, C., and Bastert, G. (Reprint available from: Solomayer EF Univ Heidelberg, Dept Obstet & Gynecol Voss Str 9 D-169115 Heidelberg Germany). Breast Cancer Research & Treatment. 59(3):271-278, 2000 Feb.

A retrospective study of first indicators of breast cancer recurrence.
Pivot, X.; Asmar, L.; Hortobagyi, G. N.; Theriault, R.; Pastorini, F., and Buzdar, A.
(Reprint available from: Pivot X Ctr Antoine Lacassagne 33 Ave Valombrose F-06189 Nice 2 France).
Oncology. 58(3):185-190, 2000.

Clinical progression of breast cancer malignant behavior: What to expect and when to expect it.
Heimann, R. and Hellman, S. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(3):591-599, 2000 Feb.

Palliative effect of chemotherapy: Objective tumor response is associated with symptom improvement in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Geels, P.; Eisenhauer, E.; Bezjak, A.; Zee, B., and Day, A.. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(12):2395-2405, 2000 Jun.

The role of tumour markers in improving the accuracy of conventional chest X-ray and liver echography in the post-operative detection of thoracic and liver metastases from breast cancer.
Nicolini, A.; Carpi, A.; Ferrari, P.; Anselmi, L.; Spinelli, C.; Conte, M., and Miccoli, P. (Reprint available from: Nicolini A Univ Pisa, Dept Internal Med Pisa Italy).. British Journal of Cancer. 83(11):1412-1417, 2000 Dec. In process

Minimal solid tumor involvement of regional and distant sites - When is a metastasis not a metastasis?

Page, D. L.; Anderson, T. J., and Carter, B. A. (Reprint available from: Page DL
Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol C3311 Med Ctr N,1161 21st Ave S Nashville, TN 37232 USA). Cancer. 86(12):2589-2592, 1999 Dec 15. No abstract

Radiation therapy in the management of brain metastases from breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research & Treatment.
Fokstuen, T.; Wilking, N.; Rutqvist, L. E.; Wolke, J.; Liedberg, A.; Signomklao, T., and Fernberg, J. O. (Reprint available from: Fokstuen T Karolinska Hosp, Radiumhemmet, Dept Oncol S-17176 Stockholm Sweden).. 62(3):211-216, 2000 Aug. In progress

Stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases from breast cancer.
Firlik, K. S.; Kondziolka, D.; Flickinger, J. C., and Lunsford, L. D. Annals of Surgical Oncology. 7(5):333-338, 2000 Jun. In progress

Combined treatment with buserelin and tamoxifen in premenopausal metastatic breast cancer: A randomized study.
Klijn, J. G. M.; Beex LVAM; Mauriac, L.; van Zijl, J. A.; Veyret, C.; Wildiers, J.; Jassem, J. Piccart, M.; Burghouts, J.; Becquart, D.; Seynaeve, C.; Mignolet, F., and Duchateau, L. (Reprint available from: Klijn JGM Dr Daniel den Hoed Klin, Rotterdam Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol Groene Hilledijk 301 NL-3075 EA Rotterdam Netherlands). Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 92(11):903-911, 2000 Jun 7.

Prevention of rat mammary carcinoma utilizing leuprolide as an equivalent to oophorectomy.
Jett, E. A.; Lerner, M. R.; Lightfoot, S. A.; Hanas, J. S.; Brackett, D. J., and Hollingsworth, A. B. (Reprint available from: Hollingsworth AB Mercy Hosp, Womens Ctr 4300 McAuley Blvd Oklahoma City, OK 73120 USA). Breast Cancer Research & Treatment. 58(2):131-136, 1999 Nov.

Combined endocrine therapy for breast cancer - New life for an old idea?
Davidson, N. E. (Reprint available from: Davidson NE Johns Hopkins Oncol Ctr 1650 Orleans St,Rm 409 Baltimore, MD 21231 USA). Journal of the National Cancer Institute 92(11):859-860, 2000 Jun 7. No abstract

Preclinical and clinical development of cyclin-dependent kinase modulators [Review].
Senderowicz, A. M. and Sausville, E. A. (Reprint available from: Senderowicz AM NIH Bldg 10,Rm 6N113 Bethesda, MD 20892 USA). Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 92(5):376-387, 2000 Mar 1.

Anti-HER2 antibody enhances the growth inhibitory effect of anti-oestrogen on breast cancer cells expressing both oestrogen receptors and HER2.
Kunisue, H.; Kurebayashi, J.; Otsuki, T.; Tang, C. K.; Kurosumi, M.; Yamamoto, S.; Tanaka, K.; Doihara, H.; Shimizu, N., and Sonoo, H. (Reprint available from: Kurebayashi J Kawasaki Med Sch, Dept Breast & Thyroid Surg 577 Matsushima Kurashiki Okayama 7010192 Japan). British Journal of Cancer. 82(1):46-51, 2000 Jan.

A pilot trial of suramin in metastatic breast cancer to assess antiangiogenic activity in individual patients.
Gradishar, W. J.; Soff, G.; Liu, J. G.; Cisneros, A.; French, S.; Rademaker, A.; Benson, A. B., and Bouck, N. (Reprint available from: Gradishar WJ 676 N St Clair St,Suite 850 Chicago, IL 60611 USA). Oncology. 58(4):324-333, 2000.

Progress in antiangiogenic gene therapy of cancer [Review].
Feldman, A. L. and Libutti, S. K. Cancer. 89(6):1181-1194, 2000 Sep 15.

Continuous low dose Thalidomide: a phase II study in advanced melanoma, renal cell, ovarian and breast cancer.
Eisen, T.; Boshoff, C.; Mak, I.; Sapunar, F.; Vaughan, M. M.; Pyle, L.; Johnston, S. R. D.; Ahern, R.; Smith, I. E., and Gore, M. E. (Reprint available from: Gore ME Royal Marsden Hosp, Dept Med London SW3 6JJ England). British Journal of Cancer. 82(4):812-817, 2000 Feb.

Docetaxel (Taxotere) in HER-2-positive patients and in combination with trastuzumab (Herceptin) [Review].
Burris, H. A. Seminars in Oncology. 27(2 Suppl 3):19-23, 2000 Apr.

Phase II evaluation of thalidomide in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Baidas, S. M.; Winer, E. P.; Fleming, G. F.; Harris, L.; Pluda, J. M.; Crawford, J. G.; Yamauchi, H.; Isaacs, C.; Hanfelt, J.; Tefft, M.; Flockhart, D.; Johnson, M. D.; Hawkins, M. J.; Lippman, M. E., and Hayes, D. F. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 18(14):2710-2717, 2000 Jul.

Biological rationale for HER2/neu (c-erbB2) as a target for monoclonal antibody therapy [Review]. Pegram, M. and Slamon, D Seminars in Oncology. 27(5 Suppl 9):13-19, 2000 Oct.

In process Current and planned clinical trials with trastuzumab (Herceptin) [Review].
Baselga, J. Seminars in Oncology. 27(5 Suppl 9):27-32, 2000 Oct. In process

Clinical trials of single-agent trastuzumab (Herceptin) [Review].
Seminars in Oncology. 27(5 Suppl 9):20-26, 2000 Oct. In proces

Relevant Clinical Trials:

Phase III Randomized Study of Trastuzumab (Herceptin) Alone Followed By Paclitaxel Plus Trastuzumab Versus Upfront Combination of Trastuzumab and Paclitaxel in Women With HER2 Overexpressing Metastatic Breast Cancer

Cyclophosphamide Followed by Paclitaxel With or Without Trastuzumab (Herceptin) in Patients With HER-2 Overexpressing Breast Cancer

Phase II Study of Exemestane and Goserelin in Premenopausal Women With Hormone Receptor Positive Metastatic Breast Cance

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